Brain and Visual Perception: The Story of a 25-year Collaboration by David H. Hu

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Presents the story of an exciting and hugely successful 25-year collaboration between two scientists - David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel. This book contains their major papers from 1959 to 1981, each with comments telling how and why the authors went about the study, how the work was received, and what has happened since.

FORMATHardcover LANGUAGEEnglish CONDITIONBrand New Publisher Description

Scientists' understanding of two central problems in neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy has been greatly influenced by the work of David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel: (1) What is it to see? This relates to the machinery that underlies visual perception. (2) How do we acquire the brain's mechanisms for vision? This is the nature-nurture question as to whether the nerve connections responsible for vision are innate or whether they develop through experience inthe early life of an animal or human. This is a book about the collaboration between Hubel and Wiesel, which began in 1958, lasted until about 1982, and led to a Nobel Prize in 1981. It opens withshort autobiographies of both men, describes the state of the field when they started, and tells about the beginnings of their collaboration. It emphasizes the importance of various mentors in their lives, especially Stephen W. Kuffler, who opened up the field by studying the cat retina in 1950, and founded the department of neurobiology at Harvard Medical School, where most of their work was done. The main part of the book consists of Hubel and Wiesel's most important publications. Eachreprinted paper is preceded by a foreword that tells how they went about the research, what the difficulties and the pleasures were, and whether they felt a paper was important and why. Each is alsofollowed by an afterword describing how the paper was received and what developments have occurred since its publication. The reader learns things that are often absent from typical scientific publications, including whether the work was difficult, fun, personally rewarding, exhilarating, or just plain tedious. The book ends with a summing-up of the authors' view of the present state of the field. This is much more than a collection of reprinted papers. Above all it tells the story of anunusual scientific collaboration that was hugely enjoyable and served to transform an entire branch of neurobiology. It will appeal to neuroscientists, vision scientists, biologists, psychologists,physicists, historians of science, and to their students and trainees, at all levels from high school on, as well as anyone else who is interested in the scientific process.

Author Biography

The authors were both awarded the 1981 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. David H. Hubel is John Franklin Enders University Professor of Neurobiology, Emeritus, at Harvard Medical School. Torsten N. Wiesel is Director of the Shelby White and Leon Levy Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior and President Emeritus of Rockefeller University. He is also Secretary General of the Human Frontier Science Program and President of theInternational Brain Research Organization.

Table of Contents

Part I: Introduction and Biographies1: David H. Hubel2: Torsten N. WieselPart II: Background to Our Research3: Cortical Neurophysiology in the 1950's4: The Group at Johns Hopkins5: The Move from Hopkins to Harvard6: The New DepartmentPart III: Normal Physiology and Anatomy7: Our First Paper, on Cat Cortex, 19598: Recordings from Fibers in the Monkey Optic Nerve9: Recordings from Cells in the Cat Lateral Geniculate10: Our Major Paper on Cat Striate Cortex, 196211: Recordings from the Cat Prestriate Areas, 18 and 1912: Survey of the Monkey Lateral Geniculate Body--A Foray into Color13: Recording Fibers in the Cat Corpus Collosum14: Recordings in Monkey Striate Cortex, 196815: Another Visual Representation, the Cat Clare-Bishop Area16 Encoding of Binocular Depth in a Cortical Area in the Monkey:17: Anatomy of the Geniculo-cortical Pathway: The Nauta Method18: Ocular Dominance Columns Revealed by Autoradiography19: Regular Sequences of Orientation Shifts in Monkeys20: Cortical Modules and Magnification in MonkeysPart IV: Deprivation and Development21: The First Three Kitten Deprivation Papers22: The Second Group of Deprivation Papers23: The Siamese Cat24: Cells Grouped in Orientation Columns in Newborn Monkeys25: Plasticity and Development of Monkeys Ocular Dominance ColumnsPart V: Three Reviews26: Ferrier Lecture, 197727: Nobel Lecture, David H. Hubel, 1981Nobel Lecture, Torsten N. Wiesel, 198128: Epilogue: Summing UpList of Papers IncludedGlossaryIndexToday, Forty-six Years After StartingTorsten WieselDavid Hubel

Review

"Hubel and Wiesel's contributions to visual neurophysiology are truly staggering. The book is impressive in providing organization to the sheer mass of data and theories that emerged from the individual journal of articles." --PsycCRITIQUES". . . The entire book is an inspiration to read. The original papers and the additional chapters are beautifully written . . . Read today, some 50 years after the initial work was published, the papers still retain their freshness and their capacity to arouse wonder, not only at the way in which nature has elaborated such an impressive organ, but also at the tenacity and the powerful conceptual thinking that was behind their collected work . . . Neuroscienceshould rejoice that, during a mere 25 years, its world was enriched not only by a wealth of knowledge but also by new standards of evidence and elegance of methodology which have left a permanentimprint." --Semir Zeki in Brain"The book's glory is that the commentaries sandwiching each paper illuminate the workings of one of the most productive collaborations in the history of biology. Hubel and Wiesel describe the joy of mom-and-pop science where the collaborators do the work and weigh what to do next . . . the book brings their work all together--complete with the authors' retrospective evaluations of their work . . . a gem in the history of the field and a core resource . . ."--Robert Wurtz in ScienceAdvance Praise for Brain and Visual Perception"For those who came of age admiring the scientific adventures of Hubel and Wiesel, this book is an opportunity to look back and wonder. For those who came after, it will be an inspiration. This is a marvel of a book, written in David Hubel's disarmingly engaging voice, a must have, a must read."--A. Damasio, neuroscientist and author of Descartes' Error and Looking for Spinoza"David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel's book describes the wonderful period in neurophysiology when they worked on the early mammalian visual system. I found it fascinating reading."--Francis Crick, Nobel Laureate and author of The Astonishing Hypothesis"A rare opportunity to peek into the minds of two giants of twentieth century science - David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel. Each of their classic papers reads like a Sherlock Holmes novel, but the accompanying commentaries and autobiographies, packed with witty, whimsical asides and Hubelisms, bring out the human side of science - reminding us that great science is a judicious blend of intuition, imagination and sheer tenacity rather than a cold rational process ofthe kind one usually associates with Holmes. It's especially refreshing to see their low-tech approach in an era of high-tech 'big science' dominated by brain imaging and gee whizneophrenology."--V.S. Ramachandran, BBC Reith Lecturer for 2003 and author of A Brief Tour of Human Consciousness"Brain and Visual Perception is an elegantly presented and well-organized collection of critical and important papers from the 25-year collaboration of Hubel and Wiesel. This is a valuable volume. Scientists will want it because, whether or not you like the commentaries, you have to admit that they are fascinating reading in themselves." --Nature Neuroscience"Hubel and Wiesel, as much as any other scientists, are responsible for our current view of the brain, its function, and how it is molded by the environment. This book will provide students and established scientists alike insight into the roots of modern neuroscience, a view into one of the most productive collaborations in the field, and some of the best examples of scientific writing in the literature."--David Ferster, Professor of Neurobiology andPhysiology, Northwestern University"Beginning around 1960, David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel took the study of the brain and its development from the realm of philosophy to biology. These papers and the commentaries that accompany them put the reader inside the heads of the scientists who gave us out modern understanding of the cerebral cortex, often by asking the next logical question, but always with appreciation for the beauty of the system."--Michael P. Stryker, W.F. Ganong Professor ofPhysiology, University of California, San Francisco"The book is much more than just a catalogue of papers, starting with the biographies of the two Nobel Prize Winners and four chapters on the research background at the time. These chapters are in themselves fascinating and outline the pivotal role played in the development of their research by Steve Kuffler as well as the other major figures in neurophysiology."--Physiology News"Hubel and Wiesel's contributions to visual neurophysiology are truly staggering. The book is impressive in providing organization to the sheer mass of data and theories that emerged from the individual journal of articles." --PsycCRITIQUES". . . The entire book is an inspiration to read. The original papers and the additional chapters are beautifully written . . . Read today, some 50 years after the initial work was published, the papers still retain their freshness and their capacity to arouse wonder, not only at the way in which nature has elaborated such an impressive organ, but also at the tenacity and the powerful conceptual thinking that was behind their collected work . . . Neuroscienceshould rejoice that, during a mere 25 years, its world was enriched not only by a wealth of knowledge but also by new standards of evidence and elegance of methodology which have left a permanentimprint." --Semir Zeki in Brain"The book's glory is that the commentaries sandwiching each paper illuminate the workings of one of the most productive collaborations in the history of biology. Hubel and Wiesel describe the joy of mom-and-pop science where the collaborators do the work and weigh what to do next . . . the book brings their work all together--complete with the authors' retrospective evaluations of their work . . . a gem in the history of the field and a core resource . . ."--Robert Wurtz in ScienceAdvance Praise for Brain and Visual Perception"For those who came of age admiring the scientific adventures of Hubel and Wiesel, this book is an opportunity to look back in wonder. For those who came after, it will be an inspiration. This is a marvel of a book, written in David Hubel's disarmingly engaging voice, a must have, a must read."--A. Damasio, neuroscientist and author of Descartes' Error and Looking for Spinoza"David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel's book describes the wonderful period in neurophysiology when they worked on the early mammalian visual system. I found it fascinating reading."--Francis Crick, Nobel Laureate and author of The Astonishing Hypothesis"A rare opportunity to peek into the minds of two giants of twentieth century science--David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel. Each of their classic papers reads like a Sherlock Holmes novel, but the accompanying commentaries and autobiographies, packed with witty, whimsical asides and Hubelisms, bring out the human side of science - reminding us that great science is a judicious blend of intuition, imagination and sheer tenacity rather than a cold rational process ofthe kind one usually associates with Holmes. It's especially refreshing to see their low-tech approach in an era of high-tech 'big science' dominated by brain imaging and gee whiz neophrenology."--V.S.Ramachandran, BBC Reith Lecturer for 2003 and author of A Brief Tour of Human Consciousness"Hubel and Wiesel, as much as any other scientists, are responsible for our current view of the brain, its function, and how it is molded by the environment. This book will provide students and established scientists alike insight into the roots of modern neuroscience, a view into one of the most productive collaborations in the field, and some of the best examples of scientific writing in the literature."--David Ferster, Professor of Neurobiology andPhysiology, Northwestern University"Brain and Visual Perception is an elegantly presented and well-organized collection of critical and important papers from the 25-year collaboration of Hubel and Wiesel. This is a valuable volume. Scientists will want it because, whether or not you like the commentaries, you have to admit that they are fascinating reading in themselves." --Nature Neuroscience"Beginning around 1960, David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel took the study of the brain and its development from the realm of philosophy to biology. These papers and the commentaries that accompany them put the reader inside the heads of the scientists who gave us our modern understanding of the cerebral cortex, often by asking the next logical question, but always with appreciation for the beauty of the system."--Michael P. Stryker, W.F. Ganong Professor ofPhysiology, University of California, San Francisco"The book is much more than just a catalogue of papers, starting with the biographies of the two Nobel Prize Winners and four chapters on the research background at the time. These chapters are in themselves fascinating and outline the pivotal role played in the development of their research by Steve Kuffler as well as the other major figures in neurophysiology."--Physiology News

Promotional

This is a book about the collaboration between Hubel and Wiesel, which began in 1958 and lasted until about 1982 and which resulted in a Nobel Prize.

Long Description

Scientists' understanding of two central problems in neuroscience, psychology, and philosophy has been greatly influenced by the work of David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel: What is it to see? This relates to the machinery that underlies visual perception, How do we acquire the brain's mechanisms for vision? This is the nature-nurture question as to whether the nerve connections responsible for vision are innate or whether they develop through experience in the earlylife of an animal or human.This is a book about the collaboration between Hubel and Wiesel, which began in 1958, lasted until about 1982, and led to a Nobel Prize in 1981. It opens with short autobiographies of both men, describes the state of the field when they started, and tells about the beginnings of their collaboration. It emphasizes the importance of various mentors in their lives, especially Stephen W. Kuffler, who opened up the field by studying the cat retina in 1950, and founded the department ofneurobiology at Harvard Medical School, where most of their work was done. The main part of the book consists of Hubel and Wiesel's most important publications. Each reprinted paper is preceded by a foreword that tells how they went about the research, what the difficulties and the pleasures were, and whetherthey felt a paper was important and why. Each is also followed by an afterword describing how the paper was received and what developments have occurred since its publication. The reader learns things that are often absent from typical scientific publications, including whether the work was difficult, fun, personally rewarding, exhilarating, or just plain tedious. The book ends with a summing-up of the authors' view of the present state of the field.This is much more than a collection of reprinted papers. Above all it tells the story of an unusual scientific collaboration that was hugely enjoyable and served to transform an entire branch of neurobiology. It will appeal to neuroscientists, vision scientists, biologists, psychologists, physicists, historians of science, and to their students and trainees, at all levels from high school on, as well as anyone else who is interested in the scientific process.

Review Text

"Hubel and Wiesel''s contributions to visual neurophysiology are truly staggering. The book is impressive in providing organization to the sheer mass of data and theories that emerged from the individual journal of articles." --PsycCRITIQUES". . . The entire book is an inspiration to read. The original papers and the additional chapters are beautifully written . . . Read today, some 50 years after the initial work was published, the papers still retain their freshness and their capacity to arouse wonder, not only at the way in which nature has elaborated such an impressive organ, but also at the tenacity and the powerful conceptual thinking that was behind their collected work . . . Neuroscienceshould rejoice that, during a mere 25 years, its world was enriched not only by a wealth of knowledge but also by new standards of evidence and elegance of methodology which have left a permanentimprint." --Semir Zeki in Brain"The book''s glory is that the commentaries sandwiching each paper illuminate the workings of one of the most productive collaborations in the history of biology. Hubel and Wiesel describe the joy of mom-and-pop science where the collaborators do the work and weigh what to do next . . . the book brings their work all together--complete with the authors'' retrospective evaluations of their work . . . a gem in the history of the field and a core resource . . ."--Robert Wurtz in ScienceAdvance Praise for Brain and Visual Perception"For those who came of age admiring the scientific adventures of Hubel and Wiesel, this book is an opportunity to look back and wonder. For those who came after, it will be an inspiration. This is a marvel of a book, written in David Hubel''s disarmingly engaging voice, a must have, a must read."--A. Damasio, neuroscientist and author of Descartes'' Error and Looking for Spinoza"David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel''s book describes the wonderful period in neurophysiology when they worked on the early mammalian visual system. I found it fascinating reading."--Francis Crick, Nobel Laureate and author of The Astonishing Hypothesis"A rare opportunity to peek into the minds of two giants of twentieth century science - David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel. Each of their classic papers reads like a Sherlock Holmes novel, but the accompanying commentaries and autobiographies, packed with witty, whimsical asides and Hubelisms, bring out the human side of science - reminding us that great science is a judicious blend of intuition, imagination and sheer tenacity rather than a cold rational process ofthe kind one usually associates with Holmes. It''s especially refreshing to see their low-tech approach in an era of high-tech ''big science'' dominated by brain imaging and gee whizneophrenology."--V.S. Ramachandran, BBC Reith Lecturer for 2003 and author of A Brief Tour of Human Consciousness"Brain and Visual Perception is an elegantly presented and well-organized collection of critical and important papers from the 25-year collaboration of Hubel and Wiesel. This is a valuable volume. Scientists will want it because, whether or not you like the commentaries, you have to admit that they are fascinating reading in themselves." --Nature Neuroscience"Hubel and Wiesel, as much as any other scientists, are responsible for our current view of the brain, its function, and how it is molded by the environment. This book will provide students and established scientists alike insight into the roots of modern neuroscience, a view into one of the most productive collaborations in the field, and some of the best examples of scientific writing in the literature."--David Ferster, Professor of Neurobiology andPhysiology, Northwestern University"Beginning around 1960, David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel took the study of the brain and its development from the realm of philosophy to biology. These papers and the commentaries that accompany them put the reader inside the heads of the scientists who gave us out modern understanding of the cerebral cortex, often by asking the next logical question, but always with appreciation for the beauty of the system."--Michael P. Stryker, W.F. Ganong Professor ofPhysiology, University of California, San Francisco"The book is much more than just a catalogue of papers, starting with the biographies of the two Nobel Prize Winners and four chapters on the research background at the time. These chapters are in themselves fascinating and outline the pivotal role played in the development of their research by Steve Kuffler as well as the other major figures in neurophysiology."--Physiology News"Hubel and Wiesel''s contributions to visual neurophysiology are truly staggering. The book is impressive in providing organization to the sheer mass of data and theories that emerged from the individual journal of articles." --PsycCRITIQUES". . . The entire book is an inspiration to read. The original papers and the additional chapters are beautifully written . . . Read today, some 50 years after the initial work was published, the papers still retain their freshness and their capacity to arouse wonder, not only at the way in which nature has elaborated such an impressive organ, but also at the tenacity and the powerful conceptual thinking that was behind their collected work . . . Neuroscienceshould rejoice that, during a mere 25 years, its world was enriched not only by a wealth of knowledge but also by new standards of evidence and elegance of methodology which have left a permanentimprint." --Semir Zeki in Brain"The book''s glory is that the commentaries sandwiching each paper illuminate the workings of one of the most productive collaborations in the history of biology. Hubel and Wiesel describe the joy of mom-and-pop science where the collaborators do the work and weigh what to do next . . . the book brings their work all together--complete with the authors'' retrospective evaluations of their work . . . a gem in the history of the field and a core resource . . ."--Robert Wurtz in ScienceAdvance Praise for Brain and Visual Perception"For those who came of age admiring the scientific adventures of Hubel and Wiesel, this book is an opportunity to look back in wonder. For those who came after, it will be an inspiration. This is a marvel of a book, written in David Hubel''s disarmingly engaging voice, a must have, a must read."--A. Damasio, neuroscientist and author of Descartes'' Error and Looking for Spinoza"David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel''s book describes the wonderful period in neurophysiology when they worked on the early mammalian visual system. I found it fascinating reading."--Francis Crick, Nobel Laureate and author of The Astonishing Hypothesis"A rare opportunity to peek into the minds of two giants of twentieth century science--David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel. Each of their classic papers reads like a Sherlock Holmes novel, but the accompanying commentaries and autobiographies, packed with witty, whimsical asides and Hubelisms, bring out the human side of science - reminding us that great science is a judicious blend of intuition, imagination and sheer tenacity rather than a cold rational process ofthe kind one usually associates with Holmes. It''s especially refreshing to see their low-tech approach in an era of high-tech ''big science'' dominated by brain imaging and gee whiz neophrenology."--V.S.Ramachandran, BBC Reith Lecturer for 2003 and author of A Brief Tour of Human Consciousness"Hubel and Wiesel, as much as any other scientists, are responsible for our current view of the brain, its function, and how it is molded by the environment. This book will provide students and established scientists alike insight into the roots of modern neuroscience, a view into one of the most productive collaborations in the field, and some of the best examples of scientific writing in the literature."--David Ferster, Professor of Neurobiology andPhysiology, Northwestern University"Brain and Visual Perception is an elegantly presented and well-organized collection of critical and important papers from the 25-year collaboration of Hubel and Wiesel. This is a valuable volume. Scientists will want it because, whether or not you like the commentaries, you have to admit that they are fascinating reading in themselves." --Nature Neuroscience"Beginning around 1960, David Hubel and Torsten Wiesel took the study of the brain and its development from the realm of philosophy to biology. These papers and the commentaries that accompany them put the reader inside the heads of the scientists who gave us our modern understanding of the cerebral cortex, often by asking the next logical question, but always with appreciation for the beauty of the system."--Michael P. Stryker, W.F. Ganong Professor ofPhysiology, University of California, San Francisco"The book is much more than just a catalogue of papers, starting with the biographies of the two Nobel Prize Winners and four chapters on the research background at the time. These chapters are in themselves fascinating and outline the pivotal role played in the development of their research by Steve Kuffler as well as the other major figures in neurophysiology."--Physiology News

Review Quote

The entire book is an inspiration to read. The original papers and the additional chapters are beautifully written - which means that they are stylistically elegant, free from jargon and cliche and, above all, devoid of the current, vulgar, craze for acronyms and abbreviations and of other devices that serve to make science even more inaccessible . . . Neuroscience should rejoice that, during a mere 25 years, its world was enriched not only by a wealth of knowledge but also by newstandards of evidence and elegance of methodology which have left a permanent imprint.

Promotional "Headline"

Part I. Introduction and Biographies 1. David H. Hubel 2. Torsten N. Wiesel Part II. Background to Our Research 3. Cortical Neurophysiology in the 1950's 4. The Group at Johns Hopkins 5. The Move from Hopkins to Harvard 6. The New Department Part III. Normal Physiology and Anatomy 7. Our First Paper, on Cat Cortex, 1959 8. Recordings from Fibers in the Monkey Optic Nerve 9. Recordings from Cells in the Cat Lateral Geniculate 10. Our Major Paper on Cat Striate Cortex, 1962 11. Recordings from the Cat Prestriate Areas, 18 and 19 12. Survey of the Monkey Lateral Geniculate Body--A Foray into Color 13. Recording Fibers in the Cat Corpus Collosum 14. Recordings in Monkey Striate Cortex, 1968 15. Another Visual Representation, the Cat Clare-Bishop Area 16 Encoding of Binocular Depth in a Cortical Area in the Monkey. 17. Anatomy of the Geniculo-cortical Pathway: The Nauta Method 18. Ocular Dominance Columns Revealed by Autoradiography 19. Regular Sequences of Orientation Shifts in Monkeys 20. Cortical Modules and Magnification in Monkeys Part IV. Deprivation and Development 21. The First Three Kitten Deprivation Papers 22. The Second Group of Deprivation Papers 23. The Siamese Cat 24. Cells Grouped in Orientation Columns in Newborn Monkeys 25. Plasticity and Development of Monkeys Ocular Dominance Columns Part V. Three Reviews 26. Ferrier Lecture, 1977 27. Nobel Lecture, David H. Hubel, 1981 Nobel Lecture, Torsten N. Wiesel, 1981 28. Epilogue: Summing Up List of Papers Included Glossary Index Today, Forty-six Years After Starting Torsten Wiesel David Hubel

Details ISBN0195176189 Author Torsten N. Wiesel Short Title BRAIN & VISUAL PERCEPTION Language English ISBN-10 0195176189 ISBN-13 9780195176186 Media Book Format Hardcover Year 2004 Edition 1st Subtitle The Story of a 25-year Collaboration Imprint Oxford University Press Inc Place of Publication New York Country of Publication United States DOI 10.1604/9780195176186 UK Release Date 2004-11-11 AU Release Date 2004-11-11 NZ Release Date 2004-11-11 US Release Date 2004-11-11 Illustrator Qu Lan Edited by Richard Jones Birth 1927 Death 1964 Affiliation Senior Lecturer, University of Sydney Position Senior Lecturer Qualifications PhD Publisher Oxford University Press Inc Publication Date 2004-11-11 DEWEY 612.84 Illustrations numerous halftones and line drawings Audience Professional & Vocational Pages 744 We've got this

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